Ge, Wenke
Wang, Qi
Wang, Hongshun
Zhang, Weiran
Chen, Liang
Li, Zhihua
Wu, Weibing
Funding for this research was provided by:
Major Program of Science and Technology Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BE2023832)
specific cohort for early-staged lung cancer of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (DL202402)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82203296)
Key Project of Jiangsu Commission of Health (ZD2022055)
Article History
Received: 3 June 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.