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Article History

Received: 2 April 2025

Accepted: 6 October 2025

First Online: 19 November 2025

Competing interests

: K.E.B.’s immediate family member is a founder and on the board of directors of Isabl, a cancer sequencing company. Y.R.M.G. reports travel, accommodation, and expenses from AstraZeneca and Loxo Oncology/Eli Lilly. She acknowledges honoraria from Virology Education and Projects in Knowledge (for a CME program funded by an educational grant from Amgen). She has been on an advisory board for Revolution Medicines and consulted for AbbVie. She acknowledges associated research funding to the institution from Mirati Therapeutics, Bristol Myers Squibb/E.R. Squibb & Sons, Loxo Oncology at Eli Lilly, Elucida Oncology, Taiho Oncology, Hengrui USA, Ltd/Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals, Luzsana Biotechnology, Endeavor Biomedicines, AbbVie, Erasca, and Arvinas. She is an employee of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, which has an institutional interest in Elucida. She acknowledges royalties from Rutgers University Press and Wolters Kluwer. She acknowledges food/beverages from Endeavor Biomedicines, Astrazeneca, Eli Lilly, and other services from Amgen, Loxo Oncology/Eli Lilly, Arvinas, and AbbVie. She acknowledges receipt of training through an institutional K30 grant from the NIH (CTSA UL1TR00457). She has received funding from a Kristina M. Day Young Investigator Award from Conquer Cancer, the ASCO Foundation, endowed by Dr. Charles M. Baum and Carol A. Baum. She is also funded by the Fiona and Stanley Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, the Andrew Sabin Family Foundation, the Society for MSK, the Squeri Grant for Drug Development, and a Paul Calabresi Career Development Award for Clinical Oncology (NIH/NCI K12 CA184746) as well as through NIH/NCI R01 CA279264. A.L. reports research funding from Bristol Meyers Squibb. S.R. reports owning shares of AstraZeneca, Medtronic, and Merck. D.M. declares speaker fees from AstraZeneca. All other authors have nothing to disclose.