Chen, David D.
Zimmer, Anat
Yang, David D.
Francini, Edoardo
Patton, Robert
Crowdis, Jett
Chandra, Pooja
Bin Riaz, Irbaz
Hanratty, Brian
Rickles-Young, Micah
Tsuji, Junko
Cibulskis, Carrie
Fleharty, Mark
Whelpley, Bridget
Reardon, Brendan
Park, Jihye
Nelson, Peter S.
Huang, Franklin W.
Van Allen, Eliezer M.
Ha, Gavin
Choudhury, Atish D.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Roche Italia “Fondazione Roche per la Ricerca Indipendente” grant
Gruppo di Oncologia Geriatrico Italiano
National Institutes of Health (K22 CA237746)
National Institutes of Health (K22 CA237746)
Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (S10OD028685)
Institute for Prostate Cancer Research
Wong Family Award in Translational Oncology
Claudia Adams Barr Program in Cancer Research Innovative Basic Science Research
Article History
Received: 18 July 2025
Accepted: 20 April 2026
First Online: 28 April 2026
Competing interests
: D.D.C.: none. A.Z.: none. D.D.Y.: none. E.F.: none. R.P.: none. J.C.: none. P.C.: none. I.B.R.: none. B.H.: none. M.R.-Y.: none. J.T.: none. C.C.: none. M.F.: none. B.W.: none. B.R. has filed institutional patents on methods for clinical interpretation. J.P.: none. P.S.N. served as a paid consultant to AstraZeneca, Genentech, and Pfizer and received research support from Janssen for work unrelated to the present study. F.W.H.: none. E.M.V.A.: advisory/consulting: Enara Bio, Manifold Bio, Monte Rosa, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Serinus Bio, TracerBio. Research support: Novartis, BMS, Sanofi, NextPoint. Equity: Tango Therapeutics, Genome Medical, Genomic Life, Enara Bio, Manifold Bio, Microsoft, Monte Rosa, Riva Therapeutics, Serinus Bio, Syapse, TracerDx. Travel reimbursement: None. Speaking fees: TD Cowen. Patents: institutional patents filed on chromatin mutations and immunotherapy response, and methods for clinical interpretation; intermittent legal consulting on patents for Foaley & Hoag. Editorial Boards: Science Advances. G.H.: consultant: quest diagnostics (unrelated to this work); patents: US11479878B2, WO2022217096A3. A.D.C.: Honoraria: OncLive, Targeted Oncology, Aptitude Health, Great Debates and Updates, Pfizer, Springer, Lantheus, Wiley, Color Genomics, Physicians’ Education Resource, Outcomes4Me, Bayer, DAVA Oncology, Medscape, MDoutlook, Conexiant, Total Health, Curio, MECC; Advisory Board: Tolmar, Janssen/Johnson & Johnson, Sanofi Aventis, Pfizer, Astellas, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Boundless Bio, Novartis; Research Funding: Merck (Institution), Bayer (Institution), Eli Lilly (Institution), Pfizer (Institution), Sumitomo Pharma America (Institution) for work unrelated to this study.