Zhang, Wenwen
Xu, Chang
Wang, Jingmei
Yang, Zhengquan
Xi, Xiaoyun
Zhou, Jiajing
An, Jiamin
Mu, Rongrong
Lu, Zhuo
Yu, Jiayi
Luo, Zhenni
Gong, Lisha
Guo, Xingxiu
Li, Jinlei
Zhou, Chaoqiang
Zhu, Fangchao
Pan, Jie
Luan, Ju
Jin, Shengnan
Ding, Chunming
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Markers (2022HZSY0041)
the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (82272404)
the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (82172358)
Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau (Y2020156)
Article History
Received: 22 December 2025
Accepted: 12 May 2026
First Online: 20 May 2026
Competing interests
: The Authors declare no Competing Non-Financial Interests but the following Competing Financial Interests: C.D. is a founder for Innovation Biomed Co., Ltd. J. Luan is an employee of Innovation Biomed Co., Ltd. C.D., S.J., J.W., Z.Y., and J. Luan have filed patent applications for the mqMSP assay (Application No.: PCT/CN2023/121392, No.: 202380096841.4). The patent applicant is Innovation Biomed Co., Ltd, and the inventors include C.D., S.J., J.W., Z.Y., and J. Luan. The Chinese application (Application No.: 202380096841.4) has been published and has entered substantive examination. The corresponding applications are currently pending. The patent covers the mqMSP-based ctDNA methylation assay for minimal residual disease detection and recurrence risk assessment. The other authors have no competing financial or non-financial interests to declare.