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Article History

Received: 21 November 2025

Accepted: 15 May 2026

First Online: 30 May 2026

Competing interests

: D.K., H.C., M.A., J.M., N.M., C.S., D.R., J.Y., J.J., A. Levy., D.D.J., M.L.R., O.H. are current or former employees and shareholders of Zentalis Pharmaceuticals. A. Leary reports relationships with Sanofi-Aventis France SA, Inivata Ltd (fnding grants) AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP (board membership, consulting or advisory, funding grants, and travel reimbursement), GSK (board membership, consulting or advisory, and travel reimbursement), ClovisOncology (board membership, consulting or advisory, and travel reimbursement), Seagen Inc (board membership and consulting or advisory), BIOCAD (consulting or advisory), Zentalis PharmaceuticalsInc (board membership and consulting or advisory). L.M.R. reported relationships with Merck, Genmab, Seagen (grants), Pfizer, Caris Life Sciences, Esai, and Natera (personal fees) and nonfinancial support from AstraZeneca, GSK. F.S. serves on scientific advisory boards for AstraZeneca, GSK, and Zentalis Pharmaceuticals. She has received institutional research funding from AstraZeneca, Repare Therapeutics, Instill Bio, and Sierra Oncology. F.M.-B. reported receiving consulting fees from AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Becton Dickinson, Calibr (a division of Scripps Research), Daiichi Sankyo, Dava Oncology, Debiopharm, EcoR1 Capital, eFFECTOR Therapeutics, Elevation Oncology, Exelixis, GT Aperion, Incyte, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, LegoChem Biosciences, Lengo Therapeutics, Menarini Group, Molecular Templates, Protai Bio, Ribometrix, Tallac Therapeutics, Tempus, and Zymeworks; honoraria for service on a Scientific Advisory Board for Cybrexa, FogPharma, Guardant Health, Harbinger Health, Karyopharm Therapeutics, LOXO-Oncology, Mersana Therapeutics, OnCusp Therapeutics, Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, Seagen, Theratechnologies, and Zentalis Pharmaceuticals; honoraria for non-branded educational programs supported by DAVA Oncology; travel support by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), Cholangiocarcinoma Foundation, and Dava Oncology; as well as research funding for clinical trials from Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Zymeworks, Aileron Therapeutics Inc., AstraZeneca, Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceutical, Calithera Biosciences Inc., Curis Inc., CytomX Therapeutics Inc., Daiichi Sankyo Co. Ltd., Debiopharm International, eFFECTOR Therapeutics, Genentech Inc., Guardant Health Inc., Klus Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Novartis, Puma Biotechnology Inc., and Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. J.F.L. reports Consulting or Advisory Role at Genentech/Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, Eisai, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Zentalis, Cullinan Oncology, Deciphera, LoxoLilly and Research Funding from Genentech/Roche, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Regeneron, Clovis Oncology, 2X Oncology, Aravive, Arch Oncology, Zentalis, GlaxoSmithKline, IMPAC Medical Systems, SystImmune, Pfizer. C.D. reports honoraria from MSD and travel grants from Pfizer and Merck. All other authors do not report any conflict of interest.