Ahmed, Mahnoor
Dai, Tinglong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9248-5153
Channa, Roomasa
Abramoff, Michael D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3490-0037
Lehmann, Harold P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7698-219X
Wolf, Risa M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7674-520X
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Eye Institute (R01EY033233, 5K23EY030911-03)
Article History
Received: 4 April 2024
Accepted: 10 December 2024
First Online: 2 January 2025
Competing interests
: M.D.A. reports the following conflicts of interest: Investor, Director, Consultant, Digital Diagnostics Inc., Coralville, Iowa, USA; patents and patent applications assigned to the University of Iowa and Digital Diagnostics that are relevant to the subject matter of this manuscript; Chair Healthcare AI Coalition, Washington DC; member, American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) AI Committee; member, AI Workgroup Digital Medicine Payment Advisory Group (DMPAG); member, Collaborative Community for Ophthalmic Imaging (CCOI), Washington DC; Chair, Foundational Principles of AI CCOI Workgroup. R.M.W. reports receiving research support from Novo Nordisk, Lilly, and Sanofi outside the submitted work. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.