Bai, Zilong
Osman, Mohamed
Brendel, Matthew
Tangen, Catherine M.
Flaig, Thomas W.
Thompson, Ian M.
Plets, Melissa
Scott Lucia, M.
Theodorescu, Dan
Gustafson, Daniel
Daneshmand, Siamak
Meeks, Joshua J.
Choi, Woonyoung
Dinney, Colin P. N.
Elemento, Olivier
Lerner, Seth P.
McConkey, David J.
Faltas, Bishoy M.
Wang, Fei
Funding for this research was provided by:
NIH/NCI grants (U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888, U10CA180888)
Article History
Received: 16 October 2024
Accepted: 11 March 2025
First Online: 22 March 2025
Competing interests
: Bishoy M Faltas: Consulting or Advisory Role: QED therapeutics, Boston Gene, Astrin Biosciences Merck, Immunomedics/Gilead, QED therapeutics, Guardant, Janssen. Patent Royalties: Immunomedics/Gilead. Research support: Eli Lilly. Honoraria: Urotoday. Grants and research support: NIH, DoD-CDMRP, Starr Cancer Consortium, P-1000 Consortium. Olivier Elemento: Stock and Other Ownership Interests: Freenome, OneThree Biotech, Owkin, Volastra Therapeutics. Personal fees: Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, Champions Oncology. Seth P Lerner: Research support for Clinical trials - Aura Bioscience, FKD, JBL (SWOG), Genentech (SWOG), Merck (Alliance), QED Therapeutics, Surge Therapeutics, Vaxiion; Consultant/Advisory Board - Aura Bioscience, BMS, C2iGenomics, Immunity Bio, Incyte, Gilead, Pfizer/EMD Serono, Protara, Surge Therapeutics, UroGen, Vaxiion, Verity; Patent – TCGA classifier; Honoraria – Grand Rounds Urology, UroToday. Zilong Bai, Mohamed Osman, Matthew Brendel, Catherine M. Tangen, Thomas W. Flaig, Ian M. Thompson, Melissa Plets, M. Scott Lucia, Dan Theodorescu, Daniel Gustafson, Siamak Daneshmand, Joshua J. Meeks, Woonyoung Choi, Colin P. N. Dinney, David J. McConkey, and Fei Wang declare no competing interests.
: The study was reviewed and received approval by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Central Institutional Review Board (CIRB), and patients provided written, informed consent; it was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines17.