Wittlinger, Stefan
Wiest, Isabella C.
Ladani, Mahboubeh Jannesari
Kather, Jakob Nikolas
Ebert, Matthias P.
Siegel, Fabian
Belle, Sebastian
Article History
Received: 3 February 2025
Accepted: 22 June 2025
First Online: 10 July 2025
Competing interests
: S.B. declares consulting services for Olympus. I.W. received honoraria from AstraZeneca. J.K. declares consulting services for Bioptimus, France; Panakeia, UK; AstraZeneca, UK; and MultiplexDx, Slovakia. Furthermore, he holds shares in StratifAI, Germany, Synagen, Germany, Ignition Lab, Germany; has received an institutional research grant by G.S.K.; and has received honoraria by AstraZeneca, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Janssen, Merck, MSD, BMS, Roche, Pfizer, and Fresenius. All other authors declare no competing interests.