Calac, Alec J.
Mackey, Timothy K.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation,United States (79802)
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation,United States (79802)
Article History
Received: 22 January 2025
Accepted: 21 July 2025
First Online: 5 August 2025
Competing interests
: T.K.M. is an employee of the startup company S-3 Research LLC. T.K.M. is also a co-founder and co-owner of the company. S-3 Research is a minority owned small business that was originally created through a National Institute on Drug Abuse startup business award and has been subsequently funded through government contracts with Federal agencies to develop research tools and services for data science in public health, including social listening, data mining, and machine learning approaches. All other authors declare no competing interests.