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Authors
Geddes, Justen R.
Jensen, Christopher W.
Tanade, Cyrus
Ghorbannia, Arash
Fudim, Marat
Patel, Manesh R.
Randles, Amanda
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes ofHealth (DP1AG082343, DP1AG082343, DP1AG082343)
NSF (DGE 164486)
Duke University Center for Computational and Digital Health Innovation (N/A)
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Article History
Received: 31 August 2024
Accepted: 31 July 2025
First Online: 25 August 2025
Competing interests
: Dr Fudim was supported by Alleviant, Gradient, Reprieve, Sardocor, and Doris Duke. He is a consultant/has ownership interest in Abbott, Acorai, Ajax, Alio Health, Alleviant, Artha, Audicor, AxonTherapies, Bodyguide, Bodyport, Boston Scientific, Broadview, Cadence, Cardiosense, Cardioflow, CVRx, Daxor, Edwards LifeSciences, Echosens, EKO, Endotronix, Feldschuh Foundation, Fire1, FutureCardia, Galvani, Gradient, Hatteras, HemodynamiQ, Impulse Dynamics, Medtronic, Merck, NovoNordisk, NucleusRx, NXT Biomedical, Omega, Orchestra, Parasym, Pharmacosmos, Presidio, Procyreon, Proton Intelligence, Puzzle, ReCor, SCPharma, Shifamed, Splendo, STAT Health, Summacor, SyMap, Terumo, Vascular Dynamics, Vironix, Viscardia, Zoll. Dr. Patel has been supported with research grants from Bayer, Janssen, Heartflow, Novartis, and the NIH. He serves on the advisory board or as a consultant for Bayer, Janssen, Novartis.
