Cu, Cassandra W.
Dundas, Nicole E.
Heintz, Timothy
Sheikh, Zahida A.
Alonso-Bermudez, Bianca
Walker, Jasmine
Wooten, Avery
Badathala, Anusha
Chapman, Allyson
Ehie, Odinakachukwu
Raghunathan, Karthik
Mills, Hunter
Espejo, Edie
Boscardin, John
Wallace, Arthur W.
Cobert, Julien
Funding for this research was provided by:
UCSF Noyce Initiative for Digital Transformation in Computational Biology & Health
Hellman Fellows Foundation
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco
Society of Critical Care Medicine
Article History
Received: 30 March 2025
Accepted: 24 August 2025
First Online: 3 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.