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Authors
Reddy, Charitha
Yan, Yi
Qiu, Min
Tang, Yi
Jin, Bo
Han, Zhi
Li, Yuhang
Zhou, Sihan
Tang, Qiming
Xiao, Huan
Yang, Shu
Wen, Qigui
Wu, Lan-Ping
Fu, Li-Jun
Jing, Ze-Yu
Yang, Yi-Jia
Zhang, Yu-Qi
Ozawa, Naoto
Ichikawa, Takumi
Ling, Ellen
Wong, Ronald J.
Aghaeepour, Nima
Gaudilliere, Brice
Angst, Martin S.
Sylvester, Karl G.
Cohen, Harvey J.
Darmstadt, Gary L.
Chubb, Henry
Ceresnak, Scott
Tandon, Animesh
McElhinney, Doff B.
Tierney, Seda
Zhang, Hao
Ling, Xuefeng B.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. NIH (K23HL150279)
U.S. NIH (1R41HL160362-01)
National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project (10000015Z155080000004)
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Article History
Received: 28 February 2025
Accepted: 28 October 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Competing interests
: BJ, YL, QT, and SZ are employees of HBI Solutions Inc. NO and TI are Stanford University visiting scholars from Nippon Life Insurance Company. However, the companies had no role in the design of the study, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, or the preparation of this manuscript. All research and experimental work were conducted independently, and no external influence impacted the study’s findings or conclusions. AT reports consulting fees from Siemens Healthineers for work unrelated to echocardiography. The other authors associated with hospitals and universities declare no competing interests.
