Liu, Yuqi
Sun, Chen
Niu, Yuning
Wang, Xu
Yue, Zehua
Zhang, Tieqiang
Li, Jiang
Guan, Xiudong
Zhang, Dainan
Jia, Wang
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L246050)
the 32 Young Scientist Program of Beijing Tiantan Hospital (QNKXJ-2024-02)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Program (82003075)
the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFF0608404)
Article History
Received: 6 November 2025
Accepted: 9 January 2026
First Online: 2 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable. This work uses de-identified, publicly available datasets released under their respective data-use policies; no new human data were collected.
: Not applicable. This work exclusively utilizes de-identified datasets available from public repositories.