Jin, Kai
Zhao, Kaikai
Agrawal, Rupesh
Ying, Gui-Shuang
Grzybowski, Andrzej
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82201195)
Article History
Received: 10 February 2026
Accepted: 4 May 2026
First Online: 10 May 2026
Competing interests
: Kai Jin and Rupesh Agrawal are Associate Editors of npj Digital Medicine and were not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for this manuscript nor in any subsequent editorial decisions. The other authors do not have a competing interest.