Zhang, Jingyi
Zhang, Jingtao
Shull, Peter
Park, Catherine
Sun, Shaoxiong
Najafi, Bijan
Wang, Changhong
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62303496, 62573441)
Shenzhen Medical Research Fund, China (D250403003)
Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (2025A1515011729)
Article History
Received: 10 August 2025
Accepted: 29 May 2026
First Online: 11 June 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests. Author Peter Shull is Associate Editor of npj Digital Medicine. Peter Shull was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript.