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Li, Yun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1753-7317
Wang, Qijing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0115-5330
Wu, Linlu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8738-6676
Ren, Xinglong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9824-5767
Chen, Xu
Liu, Luhao
Li, Yating
Xu, Xiaoming
Zhang, Qingkai
Wang, Di
Zhou, Liqi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-4518
Xiao, Mingfei
Jiang, Sai
Pei, Mengjiao
Gong, Haoxin
Wood, William
Jacobs, Ian E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1535-4608
Wang, Junzhan
Chen, Gang
Wang, Peng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0788-6687
Li, Zhaosheng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-0432
Zhang, Chunfeng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9030-5606
Wang, Xinran https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3975-1667
Wu, Xu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2252-322X
Wang, Yeliang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-0748
Ji, Wei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5249-6624
Li, Songlin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3995-9580
Qiao, Jingsi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6464-5500
Shi, Yi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-0315
Sirringhaus, Henning https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9827-6061
Article History
Received: 9 January 2024
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 20 January 2026
Change Date: 4 February 2026
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-026-01578-4
Competing interests
: H.S. is a co-founder and Chief Scientist of FlexEnable Ltd. All other authors declare no competing interests.