Lu, Gengxi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7497-050X
Kim, SeongHyeon https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5802-9521
Chen, Xiaoyu
Zeng, Yushun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5995-4085
Li, Dian
Wang, Shu
Liu, Baoqiang
Li, Shucong
Li, Runze https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-5904
Deng, Bolei
Zhang, Junhang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7847-3102
Gong, Chen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6262-704X
Chandrakasan, Anantha P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-2748
Zhou, Qifa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-3020
Zhao, Xuanhe https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5387-6186
Article History
Received: 7 April 2025
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Competing interests
: G.L. and X.Z. are inventors of a patent application (US Provisional Application No. 63/721,387) describing the ultrasonic hand-tracking system and technology. X.Z. has a financial interest in SanaHeal, Magnendo and Sonologi. The other authors declare no competing interests.