Sebastián-Pascual, Paula https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7985-0750
Herzog, Antonia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4402-3007
Zhang, Yirui
Shao-Horn, Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-2121
Escudero-Escribano, María https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6432-3015
Funding for this research was provided by:
Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (P3)
U.S. Department of Energy (Energy Frontier Research Center DE-SC0023415)
U.S. Department of Energy (Energy Frontier Research Center DE-SC0023415)
U.S. Department of Energy (Energy Frontier Research Center DE-SC0023415)
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-064006)
Article History
Received: 17 March 2025
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 23 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.