Vos, Rafaël E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1810-1179
Sun, Pengfei
Schauermann, Daniel https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9632-8566
Javed, Hassan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2867-8804
Hanselman, Selwyn R.
Fu, Gang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3141-2190
Koper, Marc T. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6777-4594
Funding for this research was provided by:
Materials innovation institute
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
Tata Steel
China Scholarship Council
Article History
Received: 29 January 2025
Accepted: 23 October 2025
First Online: 12 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.