Bedell, Victoria M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-6431
Dubey, Priya
Lee, Han B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6633-966X
Bailey, Dondra S.
Anderson, Jennifer L.
Jamieson-Lucy, Allison
Xiao, Rui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-8171
Leonard, Elvin V.
Falk, Marni J.
Pack, Michael A.
Mullins, Mary
Farber, Steven A.
Eckenhoff, Roderic G.
Ekker, Stephen C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0726-4212
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (T32 GM 112596, RM1 GM136511, R01-GM120762, R35-GM134863, R35-GM131908, R01-GM063904, R24-OD020166)
Foundation for Anesthesia Education and Research (MRTG)
National Science Foundation (2300505)
Austin Lamont Professorship
Article History
Received: 31 May 2024
Accepted: 8 January 2025
First Online: 13 May 2025
Competing interests
: The Authors declare the following conflict of interests: SCE and Mayo Clinic have a financial interest in the technology used in this research and may gain financially from its successful outcome.