Choy, Kit Ying
Yang, Wei-ying https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1392-3011
Ling, Choi-ying
Li, King-kit
Li, Hoi Lam
Lung, Hong-lok
To, Chi-ho
Do, Chi Wai
Stamer, W. Daniel
Shan, Samantha Sze-wan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6876-9914
Funding for this research was provided by:
Food and Health Bureau of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | Health and Medical Research Fund (08191556, 09200276, 20212781)
PolyU Internal Grants
InnoHK initiative of the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government
Article History
Received: 17 March 2025
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 6 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All collaborators of this study have fulfilled all authorship criteria required by Nature Portfolio journal and have been included as authors since their contributions were greatly essential for the design and implementation of this study. Roles and responsibilities were agreed amongst collaborators ahead of this study. This study reports findings that are locally relevant and has been determined in collaboration with local partners. This study was not severely restricted or prohibited in the setting of the researchers, and does not result in stigmatization, incrimination, discrimination or personal risk to participants. Local and regional research relevant to our study was taken into account in citations.