Hadland, Nathan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7537-4934
Hamilton, Christopher W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9731-517X
Björnsdóttir, Snædís https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-8602
Duhamel, Solange https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8435-4695
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (2128606)
Geological Society of America (13183-21)
American Philosophical Society
Simons Foundation (2023-4652)
National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) Fellowship Program The University of Arizona Graduate and Professional Student Council Arizona Astrobiology Center
Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.