Xie, Gengqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2064-4757
Modak, Chaity
Usman, Olalekan H.
Tan, Raphael W. F.
Coca, Nicole
De Jesus, Gabriela https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3446-4748
Wang, Yue Julia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2641-6904
Thirumalai, D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1801-5924
Li, Xin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2510-2236
Irianto, Jerome https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4804-7225
Funding for this research was provided by:
Florida Department of Health (21B11, 23L06)
National Science Foundation (PHY 2310639)
Welch Foundation (F-0019)
American Diabetes Association (11-22-JDFPM-03)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U24DK098085)
Article History
Received: 9 December 2024
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.