Hummel, Julia
Zhao, Sixiu
Sobotta, Sarah
Veit, Ralf https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9860-642X
Sandforth, Leontine
Birkenfeld, Andreas L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1407-9023
Fritsche, Andreas
Wagner, Robert
Peter, Andreas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5732-2287
Preissl, Hubert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8859-4661
Heni, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8462-3832
Kullmann, Stephanie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9951-923X
Article History
Received: 13 May 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 6 January 2026
Competing interests
: Outside of the current work, MH reports lecture fees from Chiesi/Amryt, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. He also served on advisory boards for Chiesi/Amryt, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Sanofi. JH reports lecture fees from Lilly. RW reports honoraria during the past 36 months for lecture fees from Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, NovoNordisk, Sanofi-Aventis, Synlab, and honoraria for advisory boards from Eli Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Sanofi-Aventis. The other authors have nothing to disclose.