Lee, Jimin
Case, James Brett https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-5511
Park, Young-Jun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2901-6949
Ravichandran, Rashmi
Asarnow, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7870-5308
Tortorici, M. Alejandra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2260-2577
Brown, Jack T.
Sanapala, Shilpa
Carter, Lauren
Baker, David https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-6217
Diamond, Michael S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-3165
Veesler, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6019-8675
Funding for this research was provided by:
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (N/A)
Article History
Received: 4 March 2025
Accepted: 29 December 2025
First Online: 10 January 2026
Competing interests
: J.B.C., Y.J.P., R.R., D.B., M.S.D., and D.V. are co-inventors on a patent application that incorporates discoveries described in this article (application no.: PCT/US2021/034069, title: SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors). M.S.D. is a consultant or advisor for Inbios, Vir Biotechnology, IntegerBio, Akagera Medicines, Moderna, Merck, and GlaxoSmithKline. The Diamond laboratory has received unrelated funding support in sponsored research agreements from Vir Biotechnology, Moderna, Emergent BioSolutions, and IntegerBio. All other authors declare no competing interests.