Smaje, Daniel https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3788-6160
Zhu, Xiaojun
Hinton, Jay C. D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2671-6026
Raval, Rasmita
Goodacre, Royston https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2230-645X
Muhamadali, Howbeer https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1665-4717
Funding for this research was provided by:
Analytical Chemistry Trust Fund (ACTF) and Community for Analytical Measurement Science (CAMS), funding reference
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/R012415/1)
Innovate UK (BB/X002950/1)
Article History
Received: 2 September 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 11 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.