Jighly, Abdulqader https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2712-3698
Joukhadar, Reem
Keeble-Gagnere, Gabriel
van den Berg, Irene https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9292-8636
Chisanga, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-3957
Sehgal, Deepmala https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-1784
Dreisigacker, Susanne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3546-5989
Hayden, Matthew https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3117-5500
Daetwyler, Hans https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3018-3640
Pryce, Jennie
Singh, Sukhwinder
Trethowan, Richard
Goddard, Mike
Article History
Received: 26 February 2024
Accepted: 20 April 2026
First Online: 28 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing interests: a related patent application (number PCT/AU2021/05151 ) has been filed in connection with the 3GS statistical model described in this study. The work can be used for research purposes; however, for inquiries regarding commercial use, Agriculture Victoria Services PTY LTD (AVS.Enquiries@agriculture.vic.gov.au) should be contacted. No other competing interests are declared by any of the authors.