Gao, Yangyang
Ivanovich, Kate https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7784-1110
Medin, Sean
Pian, Brooke
MacMillan, Samantha N.
Schmitz, Alexa M.
Wilson, Justin J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4086-7982
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0021662)
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0025792)
NSF | Directorate for Mathematical & Physical Sciences | Division of Chemistry (CHE-1531632)
National Science Foundation (2304412)
Article History
Received: 29 January 2025
Accepted: 21 May 2025
First Online: 5 June 2025
Competing interests
: A.M.S. and S.M. are co-founders of and hold equity in REEgen Inc., a company that recovers and manufactures REE and other critical metals. B.P. and K.I. hold options for equity in REEgen. All other authors declare no competing interests.