Article History
Received: 31 August 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 22 December 2025
Competing interests
: W.H. and Z.L. have filed a patent application relevant to this work: Patent name: Low-coordination long-wavelength emission d–f transition photoluminescent cerium (III) complexes and their preparation method. Patent applicant: Peking University. Name of inventors: W.H. and Z.L. Geographic region: China. Application number: 2025110759168. Status of application: Accepted. Specific aspects covered in patent application: Synthesis and photophysical characterization of Ce1–Ce4 .