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Authors
Joung, Semin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7465-0976
Kim, Jaewook https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0047-5498
Smith, David R.
Gill, K.
McKee, G.
Yan, Z.
Geiger, B.
Coffee, R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2619-8823
Jalalvand, A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8739-1793
Kolemen, E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4212-3247
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
DOE | SC | Fusion Energy Sciences (DE-FC02- 04ER54698)
DOE | SC | Fusion Energy Sciences (DE-SC0021157)
DOE | SC | Fusion Energy Sciences (DE-SC0001288)
DOE | SC | Fusion Energy Sciences (DE-FG02-08ER54999)
R&D Program of KSTAR Experimental Collaboration and Fusion Plasma Research (EN2501) through the Korea Institute of Fusion Energy (KFE) funded by Korea Ministry of Science and ICT
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Article History
Received: 25 June 2025
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 1 June 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
