Liu, Hailan
Li, Veronica L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8888-3853
Liu, Qingzhuo https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1243-2783
Liu, Yao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0126-8055
Su, Cunjin
Wong, Hueyxian https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2832-3225
Yin, Na
Liu, Hesong
Fang, Xing
McDermott, Kristine M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9525-4606
Wong, Hueyzhong
Yu, Meng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8007-3378
Tu, Longlong
Bean, Jonathan C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8007-2383
Li, Yongxiang
Wang, Mengjie
Deng, Yue https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-911X
Shi, Yuhan
Ginnard, Olivia Z. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8175-6357
Yang, Yuxue
Han, Junying
Burt, Megan E.
Jossy, Sanika V.
Wang, Chunmei
Yang, Yongjie
Arenkiel, Benjamin R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-2420
Kong, Dong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7676-2074
He, Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7460-5649
Long, Jonathan Z. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2631-7463
Article History
Received: 21 June 2025
Accepted: 18 August 2025
First Online: 16 September 2025
Competing interests
: V.L.L., Y.H., J.Z.L. and Y.X. are listed as inventors on a patent covering lactoyl amino acids for the treatment of metabolic diseases (E-160-2023-0-PC-01, N -lactoyl-phenylalanine [Lac-Phe] compound derivatives, Stanford University and Baylor College of Medicine). The other authors declare no conflict of interest.