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Authors
Lee, Johannes Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2420-4916
Lee, Sangjoon
Mishra, Abhishek https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1933-1251
Yan, Xu
McMahan, Brandon
Gaisford, Brent
Kobashigawa, Charles
Qu, Mike
Xie, Chang
Kao, Jonathan C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9298-0143
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (DP2NS122037, R01NS121097)
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Accepted: 2 July 2025
First Online: 1 September 2025
Competing interests
: J.C.K. is the inventor of intellectual property owned by Stanford University that has been licensed to Blackrock Neurotech and Neuralink Corp. J.Y.L., S.L., B.M. and J.C.K. have a provisional patent application related to AI-BCI owned by the Regents of the University of California. J.C.K. is a co-founder of Luke Health, is on its Board of Directors and has a financial interest in it. The other authors declare no competing interests.
