Ma, Jian
Wu, Fandi
Xu, Tingyang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8487-9045
Xu, Shaoyong
Liu, Wei
Yan, Liang
Qu, Minghao
Yang, Xiaoke
Bai, Qifeng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7296-6187
Xiao, Junyu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1822-1701
Yao, Jianhua https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9157-9596
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32325018, 32325018)
Tencent AI Lab Rhino-Bird Focused Research Program
Article History
Received: 5 November 2024
Accepted: 28 August 2025
First Online: 1 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.