Hu, Qiyuan
Gao, Xiang
Zhang, Tianbao
Zhou, Yi
Huang, Na
Zhao, Dandan
Varis, Olli
Peñuelas, Josep
Sardans, Jordi
Ciais, Philippe
Wu, Jiechen
Pan, Zhihua
An, Pingli
Zhang, Dan
Ma, Weizhe
Lun, Fei
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42401379)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41801202)
Fundación Ramón Areces grant (CIVP20A6621)
Fundación Ramón Areces grant (CIVP20A6621)
National Key Research and Development Plan of China (2023YFF0805703)
Article History
Received: 20 May 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 18 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.