Liu, Jinke
Guo, Wei
Zhao, Xuesheng
Cui, Ximin
Rienow, Andreas
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42571426)
The Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation Ecological Smart Mine Joint Fund (E2020402086)
Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 23 April 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.