Nie, Xiaoqian
Liu, Yuehua
Yao, Xingyun
Zhang, Qi
Huang, Yanjie
Mattursun, Kurban
Feng, Yuxiong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9086-4448
Liang, Tingbo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-3353
Yang, Liu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7587-312X
Gao, Xiaofei https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2799-7421
Article History
Received: 11 December 2024
Accepted: 13 January 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Competing interests
: X.G. is a founder of Westlake Therapeutics and a member of its scientific advisory board. X.G., X.N. and Y.H. are inventors on a patent application (CN202380026694.3; ‘An engineered erythrocyte targeting PD1’) submitted by Westlake University and Westlake Therapeutics. The other authors declare no competing interests.