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Authors
Kelly, Christopher J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1246-844X
Wilson, Marc
Warren, Lucy M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8296-8917
Sidebottom, Richard https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-8082
Halling-Brown, Mark
Yang, Lin
Morigami, Megumi
Venton, Jenny https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0547-1226
Chopra, Reena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4264-8329
Chang, Jane
Dixon, Jonathan
Gilbert, Fiona J.
Golden, Daniel I. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1114-3184
Gruzewska, Elzbieta https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1594-3335
Honeyfield, Lesley
Hujan, Amandeep
Khodabakhshi, Delara
Lewis, Emma
Malhotra, Namrata
Mallya, Rachita
Ogunleye, Della
Purdy, Charlotte
Sayres, Rory https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8269-5779
Sieniek, Marcin
Stoycheva, Tsvetina https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5506-3859
Sy, Aminata
Thomas, Susan
Ward, Dominic
Xi, Lihong
Xu, Shawn
Shetty, Shravya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-3172
Darzi, Ara
Young, Kenneth https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-257X
Purushothaman, Hema
Khoo, Lisanne
Reddy, Mamatha
Ashrafian, Hutan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1668-0672
Cunningham, Deborah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-7880
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
AAC/NIHR - AI_AWARD02288
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Article History
Received: 3 October 2024
Accepted: 16 January 2026
First Online: 10 March 2026
Competing interests
: Google LLC and/or a subsidiary thereof provided the AI system and staff time to support the project. C.J.K., M.W., L.Y., M.M., R.C., J.C., J.D., D.I.G., E.G., R. Sayres, M.S., S.T., L.X., S.X. and S.S. are employees of Google and own stock as part of the standard compensation package. R. Sidebottom and F.J.G. are paid consultants of Google. L.M.W., M.H.-B., J.V., E.L., D.W. and K.Y. are employees of the Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust (RSNFT). RSNFT received funding from Google to support the collection of data into the OPTIMAM database. H.A. is Chief Scientific Officer, Preemptive Health, Flagship Pioneering, Chief Medical Officer, Harbinger Health and Chief Medical Officer of Oxford Medical Products. The other authors declare no competing interests.
