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Authors
Warren, Lucy M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8296-8917
Venton, Jenny
Young, Kenneth C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-257X
Halling-Brown, Mark https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6247-4768
Kelly, Christopher J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1246-844X
Wilson, Marc
Morigami, Megumi
Khoo, Lisanne
Cunningham, Deborah https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9542-7880
Sidebottom, Richard https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-8082
Reddy, Mamatha
Purushothaman, Hema
Khodabakhshi, Delara
Honeyfield, Lesley
Hujan, Amandeep
Stoycheva, Tsvetina https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5506-3859
Joiner, Andy
Chopra, Reena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4264-8329
Sy, Aminata
Ward, Dominic
Yang, Lin
Sayres, Rory https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8269-5779
Golden, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1114-3184
Malhotra, Namrata
Mallya, Rachita
Xi, Lihong
Ogunleye, Della
Purdy, Charlotte
Mackenzie, Alistair
Thomas, Susan
Shetty, Shravya https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-3172
Gilbert, Fiona J.
Darzi, Ara
Ashrafian, Hutan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1668-0672
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
AAC/NIHR AI in Health and Care Award - Grant reference number AI_AWARD02288
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Accepted: 20 January 2026
First Online: 10 March 2026
Competing interests
: Google LLC and/or a subsidiary thereof (‘Google’) provided the AI tool and staff time to support the project. C.J.K., M.W., M.M., R.C., L.Y., R. Sayers, D.G., L.X., S.T. and S.S. are employees of Google and own stock as part of the standard compensation package. R. Sidebottom and F.J.G. are paid consultants of Google. L.M.W., M.H.-B., J.V., D.W., A.J. and K.C.Y. are employees of the Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, which received funding from Google to support the collection of data into the OPTIMAM database. H.A. is Chief Scientific Officer, Preemptive Health, Flagship Pioneering, Chief Medical Officer, Harbinger Health and Chief Medical Officer, Oxford Medical Products. The other authors declare no competing interests.
