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Authors
Bernstock, Joshua D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7814-3867
Spanehl, Lennard https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9419-7302
Chiocca, E. Antonio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5183-1670
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01 NS110942)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01 NS134723)
Alliance for Cancer Gene Therapy
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Article History
Received: 15 October 2025
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 24 April 2026
Competing interests
: E.A.C. is an advisor to Bionaut Laboratories, Seneca Therapeutics and ReIgnite Therapeutics. He has equity options in Bionaut Laboratories, Seneca Therapeutics, Ternalys Therapeutics and ReIgnite Therapeutics. He is a cofounder and a member of the board of directors of Ternalys Therapeutics. Patents (US 10,806,761 B2: oncolytic HSV-1 vector and methods of use; US 6,897,057: cell-specific and/or tumor-specific promoter retargeting of herpes γ34.5 gene expression; US 7,214,515: viral delivery system for infectious transfer of large genomic DNA inserts) related to oHSV and CAN-3110 are held by Brigham and Women’s Hospital, with E.A.C. named as a co-inventor. These patents have been licensed to Candel Therapeutics. Present and future milestone license fees, as well as future royalty fees, are distributed to Brigham and Women’s Hospital from Candel. J.D.B. has an equity position in Treovir, Inc., and is the chief medical officer of UpFront Diagnostics and Centile Bioscience. J.D.B. is also on the QV Bioelectronics and NeuroX1 boards of scientific advisors, as well as the Synaptive Medical board of directors. He also has a patent (US patent no. US20240374663A1) titled ‘Methods and formulations related to the intrathecal delivery of oncolytic viruses’. L.S. declares no competing interests.
