Bowman, Deaglán https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9941-7401
Lizundia, Erlantz
McNulty, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-3395
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science Foundation Ireland (21/PATH-S/9717)
Article History
Received: 10 March 2025
Accepted: 9 July 2025
First Online: 24 July 2025
Competing interests
: A UK patent application has been filed by the University of Limerick under the application number 2507279.4 and is pending review. The patent application covers material related to the process for forming hollow carbon spheres. Inventors: Deaglán Bowman and David McNulty. The authors declare no other competing interests.