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Article History

Received: 8 November 2023

Accepted: 1 November 2024

First Online: 9 December 2024

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Our sampling and methods reflect a commitment to inclusivity, ethical conduct, and transparency in research. The participant sample (<i>N</i> = 519) was carefully selected to explore attitudes and behaviours related to climate change activism. The majority of our participants were recruited from various Facebook groups associated with climate change activism. We recognize that this sampling approach may introduce certain biases, primarily towards individuals already engaged in climate change discourse. However, this approach was chosen to specifically investigate activism behaviour within this demographic. In terms of gender representation, our sample comprised 405 women, 110 men, an individual who identified as non-binary, and three individuals who preferred not to state their gender. We acknowledge the importance of gender diversity in research and strive to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the intersectionality of climate change activism. The age range of participants spanned from 17 to 79 years, with a mean age of 46.20 (SD = 14.24). We recognise the significance of age diversity in studying attitudes and behaviours related to climate change activism, as generational perspectives play a crucial role in shaping responses to environmental issues. In adherence to ethical standards, all participants provided informed consent. Additionally, 12 participants expressing dismissive attitudes, according to American norms, were excluded from most analyses, except for the validation of the study’s activism behaviour checklist (see Supplementary Notes ). This decision was made to maintain the focus on individuals within the Alarmed segment, aligning with the study’s specific objectives. This research adheres to the highest ethical standards, prioritizing inclusivity and transparency in participant recruitment and analysis. Detailed demographic information is available in Supplementary Notes for those interested in a more comprehensive understanding of the sample composition. The study was approved by the University of Adelaide Human Ethics Subcommittee (Approval number: 20/41).