Liu, Yi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7488-4481
McPhaden, Michael J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8423-5805
Cai, Wenju
Zhang, Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1630-387X
Zhao, Jiuwei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9146-7500
Nnamchi, Hyacinth C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4188-9865
Lin, Xiaopei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6413-4479
Li, Ziguang
Yang, Jun-Chao
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (5719)
Article History
Received: 8 February 2025
Accepted: 30 June 2025
First Online: 12 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.