Salalá, Luis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7880-9155
Watanabe, Noriaki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3876-2794
Wang, Jiajie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0469-5500
Okamoto, Atsushi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5757-6279
Funding for this research was provided by:
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23K23283, 23H01903, 23K26596, 21K18200, 24K01412, 21K14571, 21H04937, 22H04932)
MEXT | JST | Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (22H04932, 22H04932)
Article History
Received: 23 March 2025
Accepted: 6 August 2025
First Online: 21 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing interests: Tohoku University, Japan, holds patents related to chelating-agent-based chemical stimulation and CO2 fixation methods. These include patent No. 7115692, which addresses chelating-agent-based chemical stimulations, along with patents WO2022138149 and WO2024202114, which relate to methods for dissolving metal components in rock; carbon dioxide capture, storage, and fixation; related apparatus; and environmentally friendly industrial equipment.