Macintosh, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5700-7105
Evans, Megan C.
Butler, Don https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6019-1078
Larraondo, Pablo
Waschka, Marie https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4574-4834
Eldridge, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2191-486X
Lindenmayer, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4766-4088
Gibbons, Philip
Fensham, Rod https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3658-5867
Ansell, Dean
Article History
Received: 16 August 2024
Accepted: 18 August 2025
First Online: 10 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing interests. A.M. is a non-executive director of Paraway Pastoral Company Ltd. Paraway Pastoral Company Ltd has offset projects under Australia’s offset scheme. Paraway Pastoral Company Ltd does not have any human-induced regeneration projects. A.M., D.B., D.A. and M.W. advise public and private entities on environmental markets and Australia’s carbon offset scheme, including on the design of carbon offset methods. The remaining authors have no competing interests.