Guo, Bixi
Liu, Yongqin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2876-7484
Wang, Jianjun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7039-7136
Zheng, Qiang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6836-2310
Shi, Quan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1363-1237
He, Chen
Jiao, Nianzhi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6356-6744
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42201147)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42330410)
National Science Foundation of China | Major Research Plan (91851207)
Global Ocean Negative Carbon Emissions Program, Top-notch Leading Talent Project in Gansu Province
Article History
Received: 16 April 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 18 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.