Paramanick, Shubhonkar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0575-2215
Blackman, Eric G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9405-8435
Tarduno, John A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0490-0124
Carroll-Nellenback, Jonathan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3265-7210
Funding for this research was provided by:
Laboratory for Laser Energetics
National Science Foundation (PHY-2210452, PHY-2020249)
National Science Foundation (EAR2051550)
U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0021990)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC19K0510)
Article History
Received: 8 December 2024
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.