Yang, Chu-Fang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9595-7213
Spica, Zack https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9259-1973
Fujisaki-Manome, Ayumi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5466-6332
Miao, Yaolin https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6154-8965
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NA22OAR4320150)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration awarded to Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research (CIGLR) through the NOAA Cooperative Agreement with the University of Michigan
Department of the Interior | United States Geological Survey | Wyoming-Montana Water Science Center (G23AP00498)
Article History
Received: 13 May 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 10 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.