Zhang, Xinxin https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6775-8326
Jiang, Guoming https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7961-3085
Zhao, Dapeng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4407-594X
Zhang, Guibin
Funding for this research was provided by:
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (19H01996)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (40904021)
Earthquake and Volcano Hazard Reduction Research project of the MEXT, Japan
Article History
Received: 25 June 2025
Accepted: 29 January 2026
First Online: 11 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.