Ma, Weihan
Yuan, Xiaojun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6530-1619
Hou, Yurong
Man, Kai https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7026-1714
Miao, Yujie
Zhang, Li https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8036-0628
Li, Xichen
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42176243)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42176243)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42176243)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42176243)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42176243)
National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars
Private gift through Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University
Article History
Received: 26 September 2025
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.