Wu, Defeng
Liu, Wenfeng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8699-3677
Makowski, David https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6385-3703
Tang, Ting https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2867-9241
Greenwood, Esther E. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-3134
Huang, Yuanyuan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4202-8071
Ciais, Philippe https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8560-4943
Zhang, Haicheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9313-5953
Du, Taisheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6146-0217
Xia, Xinghui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-6346
Odermatt, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-0593
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32361143871)
Article History
Received: 24 September 2025
Accepted: 6 February 2026
First Online: 26 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests. Wenfeng Liu is an Editorial Board Member for Communications Earth & Environment, but was not involved in the editorial review of, nor the decision to publish this article.